Low-Frequency Blood Group Antigens in Switzerland.

Gassner C, Degenhardt F, Meyer S, Vollmert C, Trost N, Neuenschwander K, Merki Y, Portmann C, Sigurdardottir S, Zorbas A, Engström C, Gottschalk J, Amar El Dusouqui S, Waldvogel-Abramovski S, Rigal E, Tissot JD, Tinguely C, Mauvais SM, Sarraj A, Bessero D, Stalder M, Infanti L, Buser A, Sigle J, Weingand T, Castelli D, Braisch MC, Thierbach J, Heer S, Schulzki T, Krawczak M, Franke A, Frey BM.

Abstract

Background

High-frequency blood group antigens (HFA) are present in >90% of the human population, according to some reports even in >99% of individuals. Therefore, patients lacking HFA may become challenging for transfusion support because compatible blood is hardly found, and if the patient carries alloantibodies, the cross-match will be positive with virtual every red cell unit tested.

Methods

In this study, we applied high-throughput blood group SNP genotyping on >37,000 Swiss blood donors, intending to identify homozygous carriers of low-frequency blood group antigens (LFA).

Results

326 such individuals were identified and made available to transfusion specialists for future support of patients in need of rare blood products.

Conclusion

Thorough comparison of minor allele frequencies using population genetics revealed heterogeneity of allele distributions among Swiss blood donors which may be explained by the topographical and cultural peculiarities of Switzerland. Moreover, geographically localized donor subpopulations are described which contain above-average numbers of individuals carrying rare blood group genotypes.

PMID: 30283273 PMCID: PMC6158591 DOI: 10.1159/000490714